Airport Noise Abatement

• Borgeaud, D. M. Rooftop helipad noise: design considerations and noise criteria for hospitals. 1998 Int. Congress on Noise Control Engineering (Inter-noise 98), Christchurch, New Zealand.

• Bradley, J.S.; J.G. Vaskor, and S.M. Dickinson. The effect of skewness and standard deviation on sampling errors for traffic noise. Appl. Acoustics 12:397-409 (1979).

• Bullen, R.B.; and A.J. Hede. Time of day corrections in measures of aircraft noise exposure. J. Acoustical Soc. Amer. 73:1624-1630 (1983).

• Charles River Associates. Costs and Benefits to Communities of Aircraft Noise Abatement. (Draft final report 432.) (1983).

• DeLoach, Richard. Routing in the Near-Terminal Area to Achieve Reductions in Airport Community Noise Impact. 105th Meeting Acoustical Society of America, Cincinnati, OH (May 9-13, 1983).

• DeVany, A.S. "An Economic Model of Airport Noise Pollution in an Urban Environment." In Theory and Measurement of Economic Externalities, S. Lin, ed. Academic Press, New York (1976).

• Dousett, C. "A Memorandum on Transport Aircraft Noise." Int. Civil Av. Wk. (March 25, 1974). (Noise abatement operation procedures for aircraft.)

• Flindell, I.H.; and A.R. McKenzie. Inventory of Current European Methodologies and Procedures for Environmental Noise Management. European Environment Agency (June 2000).

• Helmuth, Obata & Kassabaum, Inc., et al. Sea-Tac International Airport Impact Mitigation Study: Initial Assessment and Recommendations. (Feb. 1997) (Prepared under a grant from the State of Washington administered by Washington State's Department of Community, Trade and Economic Development.

• Initial Report and Keys to Compatibility: A Positive Approach to Helicopter and Community Compatibility. Southern California Coalition of Governments and Helicopter Coalition Group (Oct. 1986).

• "Inter-noise," annual conference of the International Congress on Noise Control Engineering, is the forum for a variety of expert papers on airport noise problems. Topics include noise abatement programs at airports. See, the entry for "Inter-Noise" in the "General" section of this bibliography.

• Jacobson, Ira D.; and Cook, Gerald. Evaluating and Minimizing Noise Impact Due to Aircraft Flyover. University of Virginia Report No. UVA/528166/MAE79/101, NASA Grant NSG-1509 (May 1979).

• Meindl, H.G., et al. Costs and National Noise Impact of Feasible Solution Sets for Reduction of Airport Noise. Wyle Research Report 75-9 (1976).

• Miyakita, T., et al. Is residential sound-proofing an effective measure in reducing the effects of aircraft noise? 1998 Int. Congress on Noise Control Engineering (Inter-noise 98), Christchurch, New Zealand.

• Nelson, J. P. Economic Analysis of Transportation Noise Abatement. Ballinger Publishing (1978).

• Oh, X., and C. W. Day. Insulating houses against airport noise: the approach in New Zealand -- is it enough? 1998 Int. Congress on Noise Control Engineering (Inter-noise 98), Christchurch, New Zealand.

• "Prospects for Noise Abatement." Airports Int. (June 1973).

• Schoen, Jeffrey. Airport noise: How state and local governments can protect airports from urban encroachment. 1986 Ariz. St. L. J. 309 (1986).

• Schumann, William A. "Airport Noise Unaffected by Flight Cuts." Aviation Week (Feb. 4, 1974).

• Shapiro, Sidney. "Dormant Noise Control Act and Options to Abate Noise Pollution". On line at www.nonoise.org (1991).

• Shapiro, Sidney. Lessons from a public policy failure: EPA and noise abatement. 19 Ecology Law Quarterly 1:5 (1992).

• Wyle Labs. Guidelines for the Sound Insulation of Residences Exposed to Aircraft Operations. Federal Aviation Administration (APP-510) (Report DOT/FAA/PP/92-5) (Oct. 1992).

Aircraft Noise Measurement, Science, and Engineering

• Aircraft Noise Ratings

  Estimated Airplane Noise Levels in A-weighted Decibels (FAA Advisory Circular (AC) 36-3G, April 2, 1996; AC 36-1G, Aug. 27, 1997) for all certificated fixed-wing aircraft.

  Measured or Estimated (Uncertificated) Airplane Noise Levels (FAA Advisory Circular 36-2F, Feb. 12, 1990)

  Noise Measurement Flight Test of Five Light Helicopters. John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, MA, and Federal Aviation Administration, Office of Environment and Energy, Washington, D. C. (1993). DOT-VNTSC-FAA-93-5, DOT/FAA/EE-93-01 (NTIS AD-A268566/7/XAB).

• American National Standards Institute. "Method for the Calculation of the Absorption of Sound by the Atmosphere." ANSI S1.26-1978. New York: Acoustical Society of America (1978).

• Anderson, G.S.; and R.D. Horonjeff. Aircraft Overflight Study: Effect of Aircraft Altitude upon Sound Levels at the Ground, 80 pages. National Park Service, Denver, CO (NTIS No. PB93-144194INZ) (1992).

• Barton, C. K.; and Mixson, J. S. Noise transmission and control for a light, twin-engine aircraft. AIAA 6th Aeroacoustics Conference, Hartford, CT (AIAA-80-1036) (June 4-6, 1980).

• Bennett, R. L.; and Pearsons, K. S. Handbook of Aircraft Noise Metrics. BBN Acoustic Technologies, NASA CR 3406, Contract NAS1-14611 (March 1981).

• Berry, B.F. Towards a standardised descriptor of impulsive noise caused by low-altitude military aircraft. In Inter Noise '95, R.J. Bernhard and S. Bolton, eds., vol. II, pp. 815-820, New York: Noise Control Foundation (1995).

• Bragdon, C. R.; Rowan, M. J.; and Ahuja, K. K. Strategic Planning for Aircraft Noise Route Impact Analysis: A Three Dimensional Approach. Georgia Technical Research Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, NASA CR 191484, Contract NAS1-19061 (Sept. 1993).

• Burton, N.J.S. Methods of Assessment of Aircraft Noise. London South Bank University, Dept. Engineering Systems (2004). (Link is to PDF file; 99 pages.)

• Delaney, M.E. Sound propagation in the atmosphere: a historical review. Proc. Inst. Acoust. 1:32-72 (1978).

• Elmer, Kevin R. Community Noise Impact of Advanced Aircraft Designs. McDonnell Douglas Aerospace, NASA CR 198309, contract NAS1-20103 (May 1996).

• Embleton, T.F.W.; and J.E. Piercy. Propagation of aircraft noise near airports -- effects of hillsides, inversions, and source directionality. Acoustical Society of America annual meeting, St. Louis, MO (1974).

• Engineering in Development Program Plan: Aircraft Noise and Sonic Boom. Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, D.C. (June 1973).

• Expanding Ways to Describe and Assess Aircraft Noise. Department of Transport and Regional Services, Commonwealth of Australia, 87 pp. (March 2000). (Link is to PDF file at DOTRS website.)

• Federal Interagency Committee on Aviation Noise. Use of Supplemental Noise Metrics in Aircraft Noise Analyses. Summary of FICAN-sponsored Symposium, Feb. 28, 2001, San Diego, California. (Link is to PDF file at FICAN website, 696.5 kB.)

• Fidell, Sanford; Pearsons, Karl S.; Silvati, Laura; and Sneddon, Matthew. Assessment of Commuter Aircraft Noise Impact. BBN Acoustic Technologies, NASA CR 198316, contract NAS1-20101 (June 1996).

• Fields, J.M. Data on Noise Environments at Different Times of Day Around Airports. NASA CR 172612, Contract NASl-16978 (June 1985).

• Fields, J.M. Cumulative Airport Noise Exposure Metrics: An Assessment of Evidence of Time-of-Day Weightings. Federal Aviation Administration, DOT/FAA/EE-86-10, Washington, D.C. (1986).

• Findings of the Low-Frequency Noise Expert Panel of the Richfield - Metropolitan Airports Commission [Minnesota] Noise Mitigation Agreement of 17 December 1998, 3 vols. (Sept. 2000).

• Fleming, Gregg. Guidelines for the measurement and assessment of low-level ambient noise. Annual meeting of the Acoustical Society of America, Nov. 3, 1999, Columbus, Ohio. Paper is available on the web at www.fican.org/download/fleming.pdf.

• Fleming, Gregg; Christopher J. Roof, and David R. Read. Draft Guidelines for the Measurement and Assessment of Low-Level Ambient Noise. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, Acoustics Facility, DTS-34-FA865-LR1 (March 1998).

• Hammond, C.E.; D.D. Hollenbaugh; S.A. Clevenson; and J.D. Leatherwood. Evaluation of helicopter noise and vibration ride qualities criteria. The Technology for Jet Smooth Ride Specialists Meeting, Hartford, CT (Nov. 2-4, 1981).

• Hellman, R.P. Contribution of Tonal Components to the Overall Loudness, Annoyance, and Noisiness of Noise: Relation between Single Tones and Noise Spectral Shape. NASA CR 172517, NSG-1644 (Jan. 1985).

• Hellman, R.P. Growth rate of loudness, annoyance, and noisiness as a function of tone location within the noise spectrum. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 75:209-218 (1984).

• House, M.E. Measurement and prediction of aircraft noise. In Transportation Noise Reference Book, P.M. Nelson, ed., London: Butterworth (1987).

• Hubbard, H. H.; Maglieri, D. J.; and Stephens, D. G. Trends in Langley helicopter noise research. Proceedings AHS/NASA/Army Specialists Meeting on Helicopter Acoustics, Hampton, VA, Parts I and II (NASA CP-2052) (May 22-24, 1978).

• International Organization for Standardization. Acoustics -- Expression of Physical and Subjective Magnitudes of Sound and Noise. ISO 131-1979(E), Geneva (1979).

• _____. Acoustics -- Description and Measurement of Environmental Noise -- Part 1: Basic Quantities and Procedures. ISO 1996-1, Geneva (1982).

• _____. Acoustics -- Description and Measurement of Environmental Noise -- Part 3: Application to Noise Limits. ISO 1996-3:1987(E), Geneva (1987).

• _____. Acoustics -- Normal Equal Loudness Contours. ISO 226-1-1987(E), Geneva (1987).

• Jackson, Roy P. NASA's quiet engine programs. J. Air Traffic Control (Sept. 1972).

• Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control -- excellent source of technical articles on low frequency noise and vibration and their powerful effects on man, animals, and the environment.

• Kerry, G.; C. Lomax, and D.J. James. Assessment and relevance of methods for calculating onset rate of low-altitude flight noise. In Inter Noise 97, Help Quiet the World for Higher Quality of Life, F. Augustinovicz, ed., vol. 3, pp. 1227-1230, Poughkeepsie, NY: Noise Control Foundation (1997).

• Kjellberg, A.; M. Goldstein, and F. Gamberale. An assessment of dBA for predicting loudness and annoyance of noise containing low-frequency components. J. Low Freq. Noise Vib. 3:10-16 (1984).

• Mabry, J. E.; and Sullivan, B. M. A Commercial Airport Noise Environment: Measurement, Prediction, and Control. MAN-Acoustics and Noise, Inc., NASA CR 3107, Contract NAS 1-14404 (Feb. 1979).

• Miller, Nicholas P. Effects of aircraft overflights on visitors to U.S. national parks. Annual meeting of the Acoustical Society of America, Nov. 3, 1999, Columbus, Ohio. Paper is available on the web at www.fican.org/download/miller.pdf.

• Mixson, J. S.; Greene, G. C.; and Dempsey, T. K. Sources, control, and effects of noise from aircraft propellers and rotors. Proceedings 1980 Conference on Aircraft Safety and Operating Problems, Hampton, VA, Part 2 (NASA CP 2170) (Nov. 4-6, 1980).

• Molino, J. A. Should Helicopter Noise be Measured Differently from Other Aircraft Noise? A Review of the Psychoacoustic Literature. Wyle Laboratories, NASA CR 3609, Contract NAS1-16276 (Nov. 1982).

• Mueller, A.W.; and D.A. Hilton. Statistical Comparisons of Aircraft Flyover Noise Adjustment Procedures for Different Weather Conditions. NASA Technical Paper 1430. Hampton, VA: NASA Langley Research Center (1979).

• Muzet, Alain. The need for a specific noise measurement for population exposed to aircraft noise during night-time. Noise and Health 4:61-64 (2002).

• Nelson, P.M., ed. Transportation Noise Reference Book. Boston: Butterworth (1987).

• Ollerhead, J. B. Laboratory Studies of Scales for Measuring Helicopter Noise. Wyle Laboratories, NASA CR 3610, Contract NAS 1-16276 (Nov. 1982).

• Quiet Technology for Propeller-Driven Airplanes and Rotorcraft. Federal Aviation Administration and NASA Report to Congress (June 1996).

• Safely silencing the noise. 42 Highways Transp. 14 (1995).

• Serre, Robert, ed. Elsevier's Dictionary of Noise and Noise Control. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers.

• Stephens, David G.; and Mayes, William H. Aircraft Noise-Induced Building Vibrations. The Community Noise Task Group of ASTM Committee E-33 on Environmental Acoustics, Kansas City, MO (May 22-26, 1978).

• Vaicaitis, R.; Slazak M.; and Chang, M. T. Noise transmission and attenuation for business aircraft. SAE Business Aircraft Meeting, Wichita, KS (April 7-10, 1981).

• Wesoky, H. L.; Facey, J. R.; and Shepherd, K. P. Technical bases for high-speed civil transport environmental acceptability. AIAA 9th Applied Aerodynamics Conference, Baltimore, MD (AIAA-91-3326) (Sept. 23-26, 1991).

• Willshire, W.L. Jr.; and D.A. Hilton. Ground Effects on Aircraft Noise. NASA Technical Memo 80185. Hampton, VA: NASA Langley Research Center (1979).

• Wootson and Eidemiller. Effects of Local Meteorological Factors upon Aircraft Noise Measurements. Newport Beach, CA (prepared for U.S. Federal Aviation Administration) (Nov. 1972).

Airport Noise Models, Surveys, Projections, and Evaluations

• Aviation Noise Evaluations and Projections, San Francisco Bay Region. Bolt Beranek & Newman, Canoga Park CA (prepared for Regional Airports Systems Study) (Aug. 1971).

• Bartel, L., L. C. Sutherland, and L. Simpson. Airport Noise Reduction Forecast. U.S. Department of Transportation (Report DOT-TST-75-3) (1974).

• Berglund, B.; U. Berglund, and T. Lindvall. Scaling loudness, noisiness, and annoyance of community noise. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 60:1119-1125 (1976).

• Berglund, B.; and M.E. Nilsson. Empirical issues concerning annoyance models for combined community noise. In Inter Noise 97, Help Quiet the World for a Higher Quality of Life, F. Augustinovicz, ed., vol. 2, pp. 1053-1058, Poughkeepsie, NY: Noise Control Foundstion (1997).

• Berglund, B.; and M.E. Nilsson. Total annoyance models for community noises explicated. 1998 Int. Congress on Noise Control Engineering (Inter-noise 98), Christchurch, New Zealand.

• Bishop, D.E.; and R.D. Horonjef. Procedures for Developing Noise Exposure Forecast Areas for Aircraft Flight Operations. Federal Aviation Administration, Report DS-67-10, Washington, D.C. (1967).

• Borksy, P.N. Review of community response to noise. Proceedings of 3rd International Congress on Noise as a Public Health Hazard, American Speech Language Hearing Assoc. Report 10, pp. 452-474 (1980).

• Borsky, P.N. Special Analysis of Community Annoyance with Aircraft Noise Report by Residents in the Vicinity of JFK Airport -- 1972. Columbia University, NASA CR-132678, contract NAS1-13663 (Sept. 1975).

• Douglas Aircraft Company. Aircraft Community Noise Impact Studies. NASA CR-145152 (Jan. 1977).

• Environmental Impact Reports (An airport that plans significant development of its facilities or growth in operations must prepare an EIR pursuant to state law or an EIS pursuant to the National Environmental Quality Act. An EIR/EIS must evaluate changes in noise levels due to the development. Copies of such reports are kept by the airport and the FAA or appropriate state agency.)

• Farbry, J.E., Jr.; J.M. Fields; J.A. Molino; and G.A. de Miranda. Design Methodology for a Community Response Questionnaire on Sonic Boom Exposure. McDonnell Douglas Corp., Douglas Aircraft Co., NASA CR 187503, contract NASl-19060 (May 1991).

• Fidell, Sanford. An historical perspective on predicting the annoyance of noise exposure. Proceedings Noise-Con 90, Univ. Texas (1990).

• Fidell, Sanford; and D. Barber. Updating a dosage-effect relationship for the prevalence of annoyance due to general transportation noise. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 89:221-233 (1991).

• Fidell, Sanford; D. Barber; and T. Schultz. Updating a Dosage-Effect Relationship for the Prevalence of Annoyance Due to General Transportation Noise. Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio: U.S. Air Force, Noise and Sonic Boom Impact Technology, HSD-TR-89-009 (1989).

• Fidell, Sanford; and David M Green. Systematic Interpretation of a Dosage-Effect Relationship for the Prevalence of Noise-Induced Annoyance. Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio: U.S. Air Force, Noise and Sonic Boom Impact Technology, HSD-TR-89-008 (1989).

• Fidell, Sanford; David Green; T. Schultz; and K. Pearsons. Strategy for Understanding Noise-Induced Annoyance. Brooks AFB, Texas: U.S. Air Force, Systems Command, Human Systems Division, HSD-TR-87-013 (1988).

• Fidell, Sanford; et al. Field Studies of Habituation to Change in Night-time Aircraft Noise and of Sleep Motility Measurement Methods. BBN Systems and Technologies Corp. Canogan Park, CA, Report 8195 (1998).

• Fields, James M. A program to support the full utilization of data from existing social surveys of environmental noise. 1980 International Conference on Noise Control Engineering (INTER-NOISE 80), Miami, FL (Dec. 8-10, 1980).

• Fields, James M. Comparing the relationship between noise level and annoyance in different surveys. J. Sound and Vibration 81:51-80 (1982).

• Fields, James M. Effects of errors in specifying noise environments on results from community response surveys. 1982 International Conference on Noise Control Engineering (INTER-NOISE 82), San Francisco, CA (May 17-19, 1982).

• Fields, James M. Evaluation of Study Designs for Estimating a Time-of-Day Noise Weighting. National Aeronautics & Research Administration, NASA CR 178062 (March 1986).

• Fields. James M. Research on the Effects of Noise at Different Times of Day: Models, Methods and a Review of Findings. National Aeronautics & Research Administration, NASA CR 3888 (April 1985).

• Fields, James M. Updated Catalog of 318 Social Surveys of Residents' Reactions to Environmental Noise (1943-1989). Georgia Inst. of Technology, for National Aeronautics & Research Administration, NASA CR 187553 (June 1991).

• Fields, James M.; and J.G. Walker. Comparing the relationships between noise level and annoyance in difference surveys: a railway noise vs. aircraft and road traffic comparison. J. Sound and Vibration 81(1):51-80 (1982).

• Fields, James M.; et al. Guidelines for reporting core information from community noise reaction surveys. J. Sound Vib. 206:685-695 (1997).

• Fields, James M.; et al. Recommendation for shared annoyance questions in noise annoyance surveys. In Noise as a Public Health Problem, N.L. Carter and R.F.S. Job, eds., vol. 1, pp. 481-486, Noise Effects '98 Conference, Sydney, Aus. (1998).

• Finegold, L.S.; C.S. Harris; and H.E. VonGierke. Applied acoustical report: Criteria for assessment of noise impacts on people. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. June 1992.

• Finegold, L.S.; C.S. Harris; and H.E. VonGierke. Community annoyance and sleep disturbance: Updated criteria for assessing the impacts of general transportation noise on people. Noise Control Engineering J. 42(1):25-30 (1994).

• Fleming, Gregg; and others. Development of Noise Dose/Visitor Response Relationships for the National Parks Overflight Rule -- Bryce Canyon National Park Study. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, Acoustics Facility, DOT-VNTSC-FAA-98-6, DOT/FAA/AEE-98-6, NTIS PB98-166221, Contract FAA-FA865/A8012 (July 1998).

• Frerichs, R.R.; B.L. Beeman; and A.H. Coulson. Los Angeles airport noise and mortality -- faulty analysis and public policy. Amer. J. Publ. Health 70:357-362 (1980).

• Gjestland, T.; K. Liasjo, I. Granoien, and J.M. Fields. Response to Noise Around Oslo Airport Fornebu. ELAB-RUNIT Report STF40 A90189, Trondheim, Norway (1990).

• Grandjean, E. et al. Survey on aircraft noise in Switzerland. Procedings of the International Congress on Noise as a Public Health Problem (Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia, May 13-18, 1973), pp. 615-660. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 550/9-73-008 (1973)

• Griffiths, I.D. Review of community response to noise. In Noise as a Public Health Problem, G. Rossi, ed., vol. 2, pp. 1031-1047, Milan: Centro Ricerche e Studi Amplifon (1983).

• Guidelines for Preparing Environmental Impact Statements of Noise. Report of Working Group No. 69, Committee on Hearing, Bioacoustics, and Biomechanics, National Academy of Sciences (1977).

• Gunn, W.J. Importance of the measurement of annoyance in prediction of effects of aircraft noise on the health well-being of noise-exposed communites. In Environmental Annoyance: Characterization, Measurement, and Control, H.S. Koelega, ed., Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 237-256 (1987).

• Gunn, W.J.; H.P. Patterson; J. Cornog; P. Klaus; and W.K. Connor. A Model and Plan for a Longitudinal Study of Community Response to Aircraft Noise. NASA TMX-72690 (1975).

• Hall, Fred L.; S.E. Birnie, S.M. Taylor, and J.E. Palmer. Direct comparison of community response to road traffic noise and to aircraft noise. J. Acoustical Soc. Amer. 70:1690-1698 (1981).

• Hall, Fred L.; and S. Martin Taylor. Reliability of social survey data on noise effects. J. Acoustical Soc. America 72(4):1212-1221 (1982).

• Hede, A.J.; and R.B. Bullen. Aircraft Noise in Australia: A Survey of Community Reaction. Canberra: Australian Govt. Publishing Services (1982). National Acoustic Laboratories, NAL Report No. 88.

• Heliport Noise Model

  HNM Heliport Noise Model Version 2.2 User's Guide. John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, MA (1994), 92 pages. DOT/VNTSC-FAA-94-3, DOT/FAA/EE-94/01 (NTIS PB94-151883/XAB).

  On-line information about HNM at FAA Office of Energy and Environment Noise Division: HNM

• Integrated Noise Model

  Integrated Noise Model, Version 3 User's Guide -- Revision 1, June 1992. DOT/FAA/EE/92-02.

  Integrated Noise Model, Version 4.11 User's Guide Supplement, December 1993. DOT/FAA/EE/93-03, DOT-VNTSC/FAA/93- 19.

  Integrated Noise Model, Version 5.01. 1995. U.S. Dept. Transportation, Federal Aviation Admin.

  On-line information about INM at FAA Office of Energy and Environment Noise Division: INM

  Update of Aircraft Profile Data for the Integrated Noise Model Computer Program, 3 volumes, March 1992. FAA/EE/91-02, DOT-VNTSC/FAA/91-4.

• Job, R.F.S. Reliability and stability of noise reaction scales. Transp. Res. Record 1312:101-108 (1991).

• Job, R.F.S.; and R.B. Bullen. Social Survey Methodology: A Review of the Assessment of Community Noise Reaction in Dose/Response Studies. National Acoustic Laboratories Report 106, Canberra, Australia: Government Publishing Service (1985).

• Job, R.F.S.; and R.B. Bullen. Effects of a face-to-face interview versus a group-administered questionnaire in determining reaction to noise. J. Sound Vib. 116:161-169 (1987).

• Jonsson, A. et al. Reliability of forecasts of annoyance reactions: A study on exposure to noise and air pollution. Arch. Environ. Health 30(2):104 (Feb. 1975).

• Koelega, H.S., ed. Environmental Annoyance: Characterization, Measurement, and Control. Amsterdam: Elsevier (1987).

• Kryter, K.D. Scaling human reaction to the sound from aircraft. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 31:1415-1429 (1959).

• Lukas, J.S. Measures of Noise Level: Their Relative Accuracy in Predicting Objective and Subjective Responses to Noise During Sleep. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 600/1-77-010 (February 1977).

• Lukas, J. Noise and Sleep: A Literature Review and a Proposed Criteria for Assessing Effect. In Handbook of Noise Assessment, Darly N. May, ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, pp. 313-334 (1978).

• Mislow, J.; and R. Kassel. Under the Flight Path: Community Response to Aircraft Noise at Westchester County Airport and an Assessment of FAA Noise Measurement Policy. New York: Natural Resource Defense Council (1997).

• May, Darly N., ed. Handbook of Noise Assessment. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold (1978).

• National Research Council. Guidelines for Preparing Environmental Impact Statements on Noise. Washington, D.C.: National Research Council, Assembly of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Committee on Hearing, Bioacoustics, and Biomechanics (CHABA), report of Working Group 69 (1977).

• Noise Exposure Maps. (An airport that submits an application for a project grant under the Federal Aviation Administration's Airport Improvement Program must evaluate the noise impact of airport operations, including preparation of noise exposure maps. Copies of such reports are kept by the airport and the FAA.)

• Nationwide Airport Noise Impact Model

  Nationwide Airport Noise Impact Model, User Guide and Methodology Report. Federal Aviation Administration (September 1994).

  Nationwide Airport Noise Impact Model, Programmer's Manual. Federal Aviation Administration (Sept. 1994).

• Pao, S.P.; A.R. Wenzel; and P.B. Oncley. Prediction of Ground Effects on Aircraft Noise. NASA Technical Paper 1104. Hampton, VA: NASA Langley Research Center (1978).

• Pearsons, Karl S.; Howe, Richard R.; Sneddon, Matthew D.; and Fidell, Sanford. Comparison of the Performance of Noise Metrics as Predictors of the Annoyance of Stage II and Stage III Aircraft Overflights. BBN Systems and Technologies, NASA CR 198348, Contract NAS1-20101 (July 1996).

• Plotkin, Kenneth J. Challenges of modeling aircraft noise in national parks. Annual meeting of the Acoustical Society of America, Nov. 3, 1999, Columbus, Ohio. Paper is available on the web at www.fican.org/download/plotkin.pdf.

• Scharf, B; and R. Hellman. How best to predict human response to noise on the basis of acoustic variables. In Noise As a Public Health Problem, J.V. Tobias, G. Jansen, and W.D. Ward, eds., ASHA Report No. 10, Rockville, MD, pp. 475-487 (1980).

• Scharf, B.; R. Hellman; and J. Bauer. Comparison of Various Methods for Predicting the Loudness and Acceptability of Noise. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 550/9-77-101 (August 1977).

• Schultz, T.J. Synthesis of social surveys on noise annoyance. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 64(2):377-405 (August 1978)

• Society of Automotive Engineers. Prediction Procedure for Near-Field and Far-Field Propeller Noise. SAE Aerospace Information Report 1407. Warrendale, PA: SAE (1977).

• Society of Automotive Engineers. Prediction Method for Lateral Attenuation of Airplane Noise During Takeoff and Landing. SAE Aerospace Information Report 1751. Warrendale, PA: SAE (1981).

• Society of Automotive Engineers. Gas Turbine Jet Exhaust Noise Prediction. SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice 876C. Warrendale, PA: SAE (1985).

• Society of Automotive Engineers. Gas Turbine Coaxial Exhaust Flow Noise Prediction. SAE Aerospace Information Report 1905. Warrendale, PA: SAE (1985).

• Tomberline, T. J. Statistical Methods for Efficient Design of Community Surveys of Response to Noise: Random Coefficients Regression Models. NASA CR 177933, contract NAS1-16978 (July 1985).

• U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. The Noise Guidebook. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. HUD, Office of Environment and Energy, Environmental Planning Div. (1985).

• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Urban Noise Survey. Washington, D.C.: U.S. EPA, EPA-550/9-77-100 (April 1977).

• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Guidelines for Noise Impact Analysis. Washington, D.C.: U.S. EPA, EPA-550/90-82-105 (1982).

• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Review of Recent Public Comments on the Application of Aircraft Noise Descriptors. Washington, D.C.: U.S. EPA (July 1991).

• Vogt, J.; I. Mauss; O. Lahl; and K.-T. Kalveram. Relative impact of aircraft noise and number: a full factorial laboratory design. Contributions to Psychological Acoustics: Results of the 7th Oldenburg Symposium on Psychological Acoustics, A. Schick and M. Klatte, eds. Oldenburg, Germany: BIS.